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Body Composition

(46) IMPACT OF RESISTANCE TRAINING ON REGIONAL BODY COMPOSITION IN OVERWEIGHT FEMALES INITIATING AN EXERCISE AND WEIGHT LOSS PROGRAM

Thursday, July 11, 2024
12:00 PM – 1:30 PM East Coast USA Time
Location: Exhibit Hall
Abstract Details:

Background: It is well recognized that structured resistance training and conditioning coupled with a caloric deficit can favorably impact body composition (e.g., reduced fat mass (FM) and increased lean mass). However, less is reported regarding the impact of resistance and endurance training on regional body composition (e.g., upper and lower extremity percent body fat [%BF]) in women.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between changes in resistance training volume and regional body composition parameters among pre-menopausal, overweight and obese females.

Methods: Nineteen overweight and obese females (29.2±8.1 yrs; weight: 78.6±14.1 kg; height: 162.9±7.1 cm; BMI = 29.3±3.9 kg/m2; body fat % = 41.8±3.7 %) were studied. Participants engaged in a progressive, structured resistance and endurance exercise training for 12 weeks that consisted of 11 upper and lower body exercises, 8-10 repetitions per exercise at ≈70% of their one-repetition maximum, and 3 days/week of daily walking (10,000 steps/day). Participants also followed a –500 kcal/day diet. Fasting blood samples and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry with regional, gynoid, android, and visceral estimates were collected pre-post training and diet intervention. Baseline and Week 12 step counts were compared via a pair sample t-test. A Bivariate Pearson correlation matrix was used to determine correlations (p< 0.05).

Results: During the 12-week program, daily step count averaged 8,797±2,323 per day. After 12 weeks, changes in lower body resistance training volume (169,216±10,964 [CI: 146,958; 191,474] kg) negatively correlated with total android mass (r=-0.491, p=0.033) and right leg fat mass (r=-0.465, p =0.045); upper body resistance training volume (71,236±4,470 [CI: 62,160; 80,312] kg) negatively correlated with total android mass (r=-0.533, p=0.019); total training volume (240,453±16,232 [CI: 207,499; 273,407] kg) negatively correlated with total android mass (r=-0.509, p=0.019); and step count (-176±687 [CI: -1,570; 1,218] steps) negatively correlated with FM/height2 (r=-0.511, p=0.025), total android mass (r=-0.526, p=0.021), total gynoid mass (r=-0.459, p=0.048), left leg %BF (r=-0.491, p=0.033), right leg %BF (r=-0.487, p=0.035), subtotal %BF (r=-0.532, p=0.019), subtotal FM (r=-0.559, p=0.013), total FM (r=-0.576, p=0.010), android FM (r=-0.505, p=0.027), gynoid FM (r=-0.522, p=0.022), subtotal bone mineral content (r=-0.613, p=0.005), total bone mineral content (r=-0.657, p=0.002).

Conclusions: Following 12 weeks of structured resistance and endurance training, overweight and obese females experienced augmented training volume that correlated to favorable changes in several regional body composition parameters. The changes in total step count (i.e., steps walked per day) were reduced after 12 weeks and negatively correlated to several regional body composition parameters. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The addition of a walking regimen to a structured resistance and endurance training program should be considered.


Acknowledgements: None